1. .deb
deb is the extension of the Debian software package format and the most often used name for such binary packages. Debian packages are also used in distributions based on Debian. Debian packages are standard Unix ar archives that include two gzipped or bzipped tar archives: one that holds the control information and another that contains the data. The canonical program for handling these packages is dpkg, most commonly via apt/aptitude.
2. .rpm
Originally developed by Red Hat for Red Hat Linux, RPM is a software package file format and package management system now used by many Linux distributions.
3. API
An application programming interface (API) is a source code interface that an operating system or library provides to support requests for services to be made of it by computer programs.
4. BSD
Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD, sometimes called Berkeley Unix) was the UNIX derivative distributed by the University of California, Berkeley, starting in the 1970s. Today, the term of "BSD" is often non-specifically used to refer to any of the BSD descendants, e.g. FreeBSD, NetBSD or OpenBSD, which forms a branch of Unix-like operating systems.
5. Canonical
Canonical Ltd. is a private company founded (and funded) by South African entrepreneur Mark Shuttleworth for the promotion of free software projects (including Ubuntu).
6. codec
Codecs (in the modern, software sense) encode a stream or signal for transmission, storage or encryption and decode it for viewing or editing. Codecs are often used in videoconferencing and streaming media applications.
7. codecs
Codecs (in the modern, software sense) encode a stream or signal for transmission, storage or encryption and decode it for viewing or editing. Codecs are often used in videoconferencing and streaming media applications.
8. Compiz Fusion
Compiz Fusion is a collection of plugins and a configuration system for the Compiz compositing window manager for the X Window System. Compiz Fusion is the result of a merge between the old Compiz community plugin set "Compiz Extras" and the parts of the Beryl project that are independent of the window manager core.
9. deb
deb is the extension of the Debian software package format and the most often used name for such binary packages. Debian packages are also used in distributions based on Debian. Debian packages are standard Unix ar archives that include two gzipped or bzipped tar archives: one that holds the control information and another that contains the data. The canonical program for handling these packages is dpkg, most commonly via apt/aptitude.
10. dependencies
In computing, a dependency is a software package or library that is required by another software package or library in order for it to run.
11. dependency
In computing, a dependency is a software package or library that is required by another software package or library in order for it to run.
12. deriviative
A deriviative is a new organization or entity derived from an older or larger one. In computing, a deriviative or spin-off from a software project is often called a fork.
13. deriviatives
A deriviative is a new organization or entity derived from an older or larger one. In computing, a deriviative or spin-off from a software project is often called a fork.
14. desktop environment
A desktop environment (DE, sometimes desktop manager) provides a graphical user interface (GUI). A DE typically consists of a window manager (such as Metacity or KWin), a file manager (such as Nautilus or Konqueror), a set of themes, and programs and libraries for managing the desktop. All of these individual modules can be exchanged and individually configured to achieve a unique combination, but most desktop environments provide a default configuration that requires minimal user input. As a whole, the particularities of design and function of a desktop environment endow it with a distinctive look and feel.
15. desktop environments
A desktop environment (DE, sometimes desktop manager) provides a graphical user interface (GUI). A DE typically consists of a window manager (such as Metacity or KWin), a file manager (such as Nautilus or Konqueror), a set of themes, and programs and libraries for managing the desktop. All of these individual modules can be exchanged and individually configured to achieve a unique combination, but most desktop environments provide a default configuration that requires minimal user input. As a whole, the particularities of design and function of a desktop environment endow it with a distinctive look and feel.
16. device driver
A device driver, or software driver is a computer program allowing higher-level computer programs to interact with a computer hardware device.
17. distribution
A Linux distribution, often simply distribution or distro, is a member of the Linux family of Unix-like computer operating systems. Such systems are built from the Linux kernel and assorted other packages, such as the X Window system and software from the GNU project.
18. distro
A Linux distribution, often simply distribution or distro, is a member of the Linux family of Unix-like computer operating systems. Such systems are built from the Linux kernel and assorted other packages, such as the X Window system and software from the GNU project.
19. driver
A device driver, or software driver is a computer program allowing higher-level computer programs to interact with a computer hardware device.
20. drivers
A device driver, or software driver is a computer program allowing higher-level computer programs to interact with a computer hardware device.
21. Fedora
Fedora (previously called Fedora Core) is an RPM-based, general purpose Linux distribution, developed by the community-supported Fedora Project and sponsored by Red Hat. One of Fedora's main objectives is to not only contain free and open source software, but also to be on the leading edge of such technologies. Fedora's mission statement is: "Fedora is about the rapid progress of Free and Open Source software."
22. Firefox
Mozilla Firefox is a free, open source web browser project descended from the Mozilla application suite, managed by the Mozilla Corporation. Firefox uses the open-source Gecko layout engine, which implements current Web standards plus a few features which are intended to anticipate likely additions to the standards. Firefox includes many features which make it intuitive and easy to use, and can be extended through more than 2,000 add-ons created by third party developers.
23. FLOSS
In computing, free and open source software, also F/OSS, FOSS, or FLOSS (for Free/Libre/Open Source Software) is software which is liberally licensed to grant the right of users to study, change, and improve its design through the availability of its source code.
24. fork
A deriviative is a new organization or entity derived from an older or larger one. In computing, a deriviative or spin-off from a software project is often called a fork.
25. forks
A deriviative is a new organization or entity derived from an older or larger one. In computing, a deriviative or spin-off from a software project is often called a fork.
26. FOSS
In computing, free and open source software, also F/OSS, FOSS, or FLOSS (for Free/Libre/Open Source Software) is software which is liberally licensed to grant the right of users to study, change, and improve its design through the availability of its source code.
27. freedesktop.org
freedesktop.org (fd.o) is a project to work on interoperability and shared base technology for free software desktop environments for the X Window System (X11) on Linux and other Unix-like operating systems.
28. GNOME
GNOME is an international effort to build a complete desktop environment entirely from free software, using the GTK+ toolkit. This goal includes creating software development frameworks, selecting application software for the desktop, and working on the programs which manage application launching, file handling, and window and task management. The GNOME project puts heavy emphasis on simplicity, usability, and making things "just work".
29. GNU
The GNU project aims to create a computer operating system composed entirely of free software. Its name is a recursive acronym for GNU's Not Unix; it was chosen because its design is Unix-like, but differs from Unix by being free software and by not containing any Unix code. GNU was founded by Richard Stallman and was the original focus of the Free Software Foundation (FSF). The GPL, LGPL, and GFDL licenses were all written for the GNU project, but are also used by many unrelated projects.
30. GPL
The GNU General Public License (GNU GPL or simply GPL) is a widely used free software license, originally written by Richard Stallman for the GNU project. It is the license used by the Linux kernel. The GPL is the most popular and well-known example of the type of strong copyleft license that requires derived works to be available under the same copyleft. Under this philosophy, the GPL is said to grant the recipients of a computer program the rights of the free software definition and uses copyleft to ensure the freedoms are preserved, even when the work is changed or added to.
31. GTK
GTK+, or The GIMP Toolkit, is a cross-platform widget toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces. It is one of the most popular toolkits for the X Window System, along with Qt and Motif. GTK+ was initially created for the GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP), a raster graphics editor, in 1997. Licensed under the LGPL, GTK+ is free software (and open source) and is part of the GNU Project. GTK+ uses the C programming language, but bindings for many other programming languages exist.
32. GTK+
GTK+, or The GIMP Toolkit, is a cross-platform widget toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces. It is one of the most popular toolkits for the X Window System, along with Qt and Motif. GTK+ was initially created for the GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP), a raster graphics editor, in 1997. Licensed under the LGPL, GTK+ is free software (and open source) and is part of the GNU Project. GTK+ uses the C programming language, but bindings for many other programming languages exist.
33. HTTP
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a protocol used to move messages across a network such as Internet. As the name implies, it was first designed to transmit hypertext (the code used to make basic web pages) pages.
34. KDE
KDE (K Desktop Environment) is a free software project using Trolltech's QT toolkit which aims to be a powerful system for an easy-to-use desktop environment. The goal of the project is to provide basic desktop functions and applications for daily needs as well as tools and documentation for developers to write stand-alone applications for the system. In this regard the KDE project serves as an umbrella project for many standalone applications and smaller projects that are based on KDE technology, such as KOffice, KDevelop, Amarok, K3b and many more.
35. Kubuntu
Kubuntu is an official derivative of the Ubuntu Linux distribution using the KDE environment instead of GNOME. It is part of the Ubuntu project and uses the same underlying system.
36. LAMP
The acronym LAMP (Linux Apache MySQL PHP) refers to a popular solution stack of free software used to run dynamic Web sites or servers.
37. LGPL
The GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) is a free software license published by the Free Software Foundation. It was designed as a compromise between the strong-copyleft GNU General Public License and permissive licenses such as the BSD licenses and the MIT License. The LGPL places copyleft restrictions on the program itself but does not apply these restrictions to other software that merely links with the program. There are, however, certain other restrictions on this software. The LGPL is primarily used for software libraries, although it is also used by some stand-alone applications, most notably Mozilla and OpenOffice.org.
38. Linux
Predominantly known for its use in servers, Linux is a Unix-like computer operating system. Linux is one of the most prominent examples of free software and open source development; typically all underlying source code can be freely modified, used, and redistributed by anyone.
39. metapackage
A metapackage is a package that only exists to install and update its dependencies. It allows a person to install a large number of packages by only installing one (because that one package will depend on all the others).
40. Mozilla Firefox
Mozilla Firefox is a free, open source web browser project descended from the Mozilla application suite, managed by the Mozilla Corporation. Firefox uses the open-source Gecko layout engine, which implements current Web standards plus a few features which are intended to anticipate likely additions to the standards. Firefox includes many features which make it intuitive and easy to use, and can be extended through more than 2,000 add-ons created by third party developers.
41. Novell
Novell Inc. is an American software corporation specializing in network operating systems such as Novell NetWare and SUSE Linux, secure identity management products, and application integration and collaboration solutions.
42. open source
In computing, free and open source software, also F/OSS, FOSS, or FLOSS (for Free/Libre/Open Source Software) is software which is liberally licensed to grant the right of users to study, change, and improve its design through the availability of its source code.
43. OpenOffice
OpenOffice.org (OO.o or OOo) is an free, open source office suite application available for a number of different computer operating systems. It supports the OpenDocument standard for data interchange as its default file formats, as well as Microsoft Office '97-2003 formats, among many others.
44. OpenOffice.org
OpenOffice.org (OO.o or OOo) is an free, open source office suite application available for a number of different computer operating systems. It supports the OpenDocument standard for data interchange as its default file formats, as well as Microsoft Office '97-2003 formats, among many others.
45. openSUSE
openSUSE is a community project, sponsored by Novell, to develop and maintain a general purpose Linux distribution. After acquiring SUSE Linux in January 2004, Novell decided to release the SUSE Linux Professional product as a 100% open source project, involving the community in the development process. Novell markets openSUSE as the best, easiest distribution for all users. Like most distributions it includes both a default graphical user interface (GUI) and a command line interface option, and supports thousands of software packages across the full range of open source development.
46. package
A software package is a bundle of one or more files that are either necessary for the execution of a computer program or add to features to a program already installed on one or more computers. Software packages can either be in a standardised package format (such as .deb or .rpm) to be installed by a package management system integrated with the operating system, or by a self-sufficient installer.
47. packages
A software package is a bundle of one or more files that are either necessary for the execution of a computer program or add to features to a program already installed on one or more computers. Software packages can either be in a standardised package format (such as .deb or .rpm) to be installed by a package management system integrated with the operating system, or by a self-sufficient installer.
48. QT
Qt is a cross-platform application development framework, widely used for the development of GUI programs (in which case it is known as a Widget toolkit), and also used for developing non-GUI programs such as console tools and servers. Qt is most notably used in KDE, the web browser Opera, Google Earth, Skype, Qtopia and OPIE. It is produced by the Norwegian company Trolltech. Qt uses C++ with several non-standard extensions implemented by an additional pre-processor that generates standard C++ code before compilation. Bindings exist so that Qt can also be used in several other programming languages.
49. Red Hat
Red Hat, Inc. is one of the larger and more recognized companies dedicated to FOSS, and a major distributor of the Linux operating system. The company is best known for its enterprise-class operating system, Red Hat Enterprise Linux and its middleware, applications, and management solutions, as well as its support, training, and consulting services.
50. repo
A software repository (sometimes abbreviated as a repo) is a storage location from which software packages may be retrieved and installed on a computer.
51. repositories
A software repository (sometimes abbreviated as a repo) is a storage location from which software packages may be retrieved and installed on a computer.
52. repository
A software repository (sometimes abbreviated as a repo) is a storage location from which software packages may be retrieved and installed on a computer.
53. rpm
Originally developed by Red Hat for Red Hat Linux, RPM is a software package file format and package management system now used by many Linux distributions.
54. SSL
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) is a protocol for sending encrypted messages over a network such as the internet.
55. SUSE
openSUSE is a community project, sponsored by Novell, to develop and maintain a general purpose Linux distribution. After acquiring SUSE Linux in January 2004, Novell decided to release the SUSE Linux Professional product as a 100% open source project, involving the community in the development process. Novell markets openSUSE as the best, easiest distribution for all users. Like most distributions it includes both a default graphical user interface (GUI) and a command line interface option, and supports thousands of software packages across the full range of open source development.
56. Trolltech
Trolltech is a computer software company from Oslo, Norway. They provide software development platforms and frameworks, as well as expert consulting services. Their flagship product is Qt, a multi-platform C++ Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) framework which also includes packages such as data structures and a networking library. The popular free Unix desktop environment KDE uses Trolltech's Qt library. Trolltech also employs several KDE developers.
57. Ubuntu
Ubuntu is a popular Linux distribution based on Debian GNU/Linux that aims to use only free software to provide an up-to-date yet stable operating system. It features a strong focus on usability, regular releases, and ease of installation at the expense of platform diversity. Ubuntu is sponsored by Canonical Ltd. The name of the distribution comes from a southern African concept which may be rendered roughly as "humanity toward others".
58. XFCE
Xfce is a free software desktop environment using the GTK+ toolkit for Unix and other Unix-like platforms, such as GNU/Linux, Solaris and BSD. It aims to be fast and lightweight, while still being visually appealing and easy to use. Xfce 4 gives a high priority to adherence to standards, particularly those defined by the freedesktop.org project. XFCE uses the Xfwm window manager. Its configuration is entirely mouse-driven, and the configuration files are hidden from the casual user.
59. Ximian
Ximian was a company that provided free software desktop applications for Linux and Unix based on the GNOME platform. Ximian was founded by Miguel de Icaza and Nat Friedman in October 1999, and was bought by Novell on August 4, 2003. Novell intends to continue and extend development of all Ximian's current projects using the Ximian name, whilst adding support for its own GroupWise and ZENworks software.
60. Xubuntu
Xubuntu is an official derivative of the Ubuntu Linux distribution, using the Xfce desktop environment instead of GNOME. Xubuntu is intended for users with less-powerful computers or those who seek a highly efficient desktop environment on faster systems. It features mostly GTK+ applications.